The double bass, also known as the contrabass, is a large, low-pitched string instrument that belongs to the violin family. It is tuned in fourths and has a deep range, going as low as three octaves below middle C. The double bass is commonly used in orchestras, jazz bands, and various other musical settings.
One of the unique aspects of playing the double bass is the use of pedals, particularly in modern performance practices. While the traditional double bass is played with the bow or plucked with the fingers, pedals offer a way to extend the instrument’s capabilities and create new sounds and techniques.
Introduction to Double Bass Pedals
Double bass pedals are devices attached to the base of the double bass that allow the player to control certain aspects of the instrument’s sound with their feet. These pedals can be used to dampen the strings, change the pitch, or even trigger electronic sounds.
The concept of using pedals with the double bass is not new. In fact, early versions of pedals were used in the 19th century to help players maintain a steady rhythm while bowing. However, modern pedals have evolved significantly and offer a wide range of functionalities.
Types of Double Bass Pedals
There are several types of double bass pedals available, each designed for a specific purpose. Some of the most common types include:
Damper Pedals: These pedals are used to dampen the strings of the double bass, muting the sound. Damper pedals are often used in jazz and rock settings to create a more percussive sound or to stop the strings from ringing out unwanted notes.
Pitch Bend Pedals: Pitch bend pedals allow the player to change the pitch of the strings by pressing down on the pedal. This can create a gliding or bending effect that is commonly used in rock, jazz fusion, and electronic music.
Expression Pedals: Expression pedals are similar to pitch bend pedals but are used to control other parameters such as volume, filter cutoff, or effects. These pedals are often found on electronic double basses or in setups where the double bass is connected to an amplifier or effects processor.
Footswitch Pedals: Footswitch pedals are used to trigger electronic sounds or effects. For example, a player might use a footswitch to activate a reverb or delay effect while playing.
How Double Bass Pedals Work
Double bass pedals work by connecting to the strings or other parts of the instrument through mechanical or electronic means. Here’s a closer look at how each type of pedal works:
Damper Pedals: Damper pedals typically work by pressing a lever or pad against the strings. This stops the strings from vibrating and mutes the sound. Some damper pedals are designed to dampen all the strings at once, while others allow the player to select which strings to dampen.
Pitch Bend Pedals: Pitch bend pedals work by changing the tension on the strings. When the pedal is pressed, it pulls on a mechanism that tightens or loosens the strings, changing their pitch. The amount of pitch change depends on how far the pedal is pressed.
Expression Pedals: Expression pedals work by sending a signal to an amplifier or effects processor. This signal can be used to control various parameters such as volume, filter cutoff, or effects level. Expression pedals are often connected to electronic double basses or to setups where the double bass is amplified.
Footswitch Pedals: Footswitch pedals work by sending a simple on/off signal when pressed. This signal can be used to trigger electronic sounds, effects, or loops. Footswitch pedals are often used in conjunction with other electronic devices such as loopers, samplers, or synthesizers.
Popular Uses of Double Bass Pedals
Double bass pedals are used in a wide range of musical genres and styles. Here are some popular uses of double bass pedals:
Jazz: In jazz, double bass pedals are often used to create a more percussive sound. Damper pedals are used to mute the strings and create a staccato effect, while pitch bend pedals can be used to add expression and interest to the performance.
Rock: In rock music, double bass pedals are used to create a more dynamic and rhythmic sound. Pitch bend pedals can be used to create gliding or bending effects that add to the overall texture of the music. Damper pedals are also used to stop the strings from ringing out unwanted notes.
Electronic Music: In electronic music, double bass pedals are often used to control electronic sounds and effects. Expression pedals can be used to control parameters such as volume, filter cutoff, or effects level, while footswitch pedals can be used to trigger loops, samples, or other electronic sounds.
Classical Music: While less common in classical music, double bass pedals can be used to add expression and interest to performances. Pitch bend pedals can be used to create subtle pitch changes that add to the musicality of the performance, while damper pedals can be used to create a more controlled and focused sound.
Benefits of Using Double Bass Pedals
Using double bass pedals can offer several benefits to players, including:
Increased Expression: Pedals allow players to control more parameters of their instrument’s sound with their feet, freeing up their hands to focus on other aspects of the performance. This can lead to more expressive and dynamic performances.
Extended Techniques: Pedals enable players to explore new techniques and sounds that are not possible with traditional playing methods. For example, pitch bend pedals can be used to create gliding or bending effects that are not possible with the bow or fingers.
Improved Rhythm: Damper pedals can help players maintain a steady rhythm by muting the strings and stopping them from ringing out unwanted notes. This can be particularly useful in genres such as jazz and rock where a strong rhythmic foundation is important.
Electronic Integration: In setups where the double bass is connected to an amplifier or effects processor, pedals can be used to control electronic sounds and effects. This allows players to integrate electronic elements into their performances and create a more diverse and interesting soundscape.
Challenges of Using Double Bass Pedals
While double bass pedals offer many benefits, they can also present some challenges to players:
Coordination: Using pedals requires a high level of coordination between the hands and feet. Players must learn to use the pedals in a way that complements their playing style and does not interfere with their ability to play the instrument effectively.
Setup and Maintenance: Pedals require proper setup and maintenance to ensure they work correctly. This can include adjusting the tension of the pedals, ensuring they are properly connected to the instrument, and regularly cleaning and lubricating the moving parts.
Cost: High-quality double bass pedals can be expensive. Players must weigh the cost of the pedals against the benefits they offer and determine whether the investment is worth it for their specific needs and playing style.
Conclusion
Double bass pedals are a valuable addition to the double bass player’s toolkit. They offer increased expression, extended techniques, improved rhythm, and the ability to integrate electronic elements into performances. While they can present some challenges in terms of coordination, setup, and cost, the benefits they offer make them a worthwhile investment for many players.
Whether you’re a seasoned professional or a beginner just starting out, exploring the use of double bass pedals can open up new possibilities for your playing and help you create more diverse and interesting performances.
