The French horn is a unique and beautiful instrument in the brass family. It is known for its rich, mellow sound and wide range. Many people are fascinated by the French horn, but when it comes to choosing one for professional use, the options can be overwhelming. In this article, we will explore the different types of French horns that professionals play, what to look for when choosing a horn, and some of the best models on the market.
Understanding the French Horn
What Is a French Horn?
The French horn is a brass instrument made of coiled tubing with a flared bell. It is played by buzzing the lips into a mouthpiece. The instrument has valves that change the pitch by altering the length of the tubing. This allows players to produce a wide range of notes, from low, warm tones to high, bright sounds. The French horn is known for its versatility, making it suitable for orchestras, chamber music, and solo performances.
Parts of the French Horn
Understanding the parts of the French horn can help players appreciate its complexity:
Mouthpiece: The part where the player buzzes their lips to create sound.
Valves: Typically, a French horn has three or four valves. These are pressed to change the pitch.
Bell: The flared end of the horn that projects the sound.
Body: The coiled tubing that makes up the main structure of the instrument.
Types of French Horns
There are several types of French horns, each designed for different playing styles and musical settings. The most common types are:
1. Single French Horn
The single French horn has one set of tubing and typically has three valves. It is lighter and easier to handle, making it a great choice for beginners. However, it has a limited range compared to double horns. The single horn is often used in school bands and for solo performances.
2. Double French Horn
The double French horn is the most popular choice among professional players. It has two sets of tubing, which allows for a wider range of notes and greater flexibility. The double horn typically has four valves: three for the main horn and one for the F side. This configuration gives players access to both the F and B♭ ranges, making it easier to play in various musical settings.
3. Triple French Horn
The triple French horn is less common but is used by some professionals. It combines the features of a double horn with an additional set of tubing. This allows for even greater range and versatility. However, triple horns can be heavier and more challenging to play, making them more suitable for advanced players.
4. Marching French Horn
The marching French horn is designed for use in marching bands. It is typically a single horn with a more compact design. The bell is often positioned differently to project sound forward. This type of horn is lightweight and durable, making it suitable for outdoor performances.
What Professionals Look for in a French Horn
When choosing a French horn, professional players consider several factors:
1. Sound Quality
Sound quality is one of the most important aspects of a French horn. Professionals want an instrument that produces a rich, full tone across all registers. The horn should have a warm sound that blends well with other instruments, especially in orchestral settings.
2. Build Quality
The build quality of a French horn affects its durability and performance. Professionals look for horns made from high-quality materials, such as brass or nickel. The craftsmanship should be excellent, with smooth valves and well-fitted parts.
3. Weight and Balance
French horns can be heavy, so weight and balance are crucial for comfort during long performances. A well-balanced horn will make it easier to hold and play, reducing fatigue for the musician.
4. Valve Configuration
The number and type of valves can impact playability. Most professionals prefer horns with four valves, as this allows for greater range and flexibility. The placement of the valves should also be comfortable for the player’s hand.
5. Price
Professional French horns can be expensive, often ranging from $3,000 to $10,000 or more. It’s essential for players to set a budget and consider the long-term investment in their instrument.
Popular Professional French Horns
Here are some of the top French horns that professionals often choose:
1. Conn 8D
The Conn 8D is a classic double French horn known for its rich sound and excellent intonation. It features a four-valve design, which provides great flexibility in playing. Many professional players appreciate its warm tone and reliable performance. The Conn 8D has been a favorite among orchestral musicians for decades.
2. Holton H179
The Holton H179 is another popular choice among professionals. This double horn is known for its smooth response and beautiful tone. It has a unique design that allows for easy playing in both the F and B♭ ranges. The Holton H179 is often praised for its craftsmanship and durability, making it a great investment for serious players.
3. Yamaha YHR-671
The Yamaha YHR-671 is a high-quality double French horn that offers excellent sound and playability. It features a lightweight design and precise valve action. This horn is known for its bright, clear tone, making it suitable for both orchestral and solo performances. Many professionals appreciate the consistency and reliability of Yamaha horns.
4. Paxman 20
The Paxman 20 is a well-respected double horn that is often favored by advanced players. It has a distinctive sound and is known for its excellent intonation. The Paxman 20 is designed for versatility, making it suitable for a wide range of musical styles. Many professional horn players choose this model for its quality and performance.
5. Schmid 200
The Schmid 200 is a high-end double French horn that offers exceptional sound quality and craftsmanship. It features a unique design that enhances projection and tone. The Schmid 200 is often used by professional soloists and orchestral players alike. Its rich sound and responsive valves make it a top choice for many musicians.
6. Alexander 103
The Alexander 103 is a premium double horn known for its warm, rich tone and excellent projection. It is often favored by professional players for its beautiful sound and precise intonation. The Alexander 103 is a bit heavier than some other models, but many players find its sound worth the extra weight.
Tips for Choosing the Right French Horn
Selecting the right French horn can be a daunting task. Here are some tips to help you make the best choice:
1. Try Before You Buy
Whenever possible, try out different horns before making a purchase. Visit a music store or attend a horn festival to test various models. Pay attention to how each instrument feels and sounds. A horn that feels comfortable and produces a sound you love will enhance your playing experience.
2. Consult with Professionals
Talk to your music teacher, band director, or professional horn players for recommendations. They can provide valuable insights based on their experiences and help you narrow down your options.
3. Consider Your Musical Goals
Think about the type of music you want to play. If you aim to perform in orchestras, a double horn may be the best choice. For solo performances, consider a model that allows for greater expressiveness and range.
4. Budget Wisely
Set a budget that reflects your needs and expectations. Remember that a higher price often correlates with better quality, but there are also excellent mid-range options available. Consider the long-term value of the instrument you choose.
5. Seek Expert Advice
If possible, seek advice from a professional horn player or a trusted music store. They can help you find a model that fits your needs and preferences.
Caring for Your French Horn
Once you have selected your French horn, it’s essential to take care of it to ensure its longevity and optimal performance. Here are some maintenance tips:
1. Regular Cleaning
Regularly clean your French horn to remove dirt, grime, and moisture. Use a soft cloth to wipe down the exterior and a cleaning snake to clean the inside of the tubing. Pay special attention to the valves, as they can accumulate buildup.
2. Oil the Valves
Keep your valves well-oiled to ensure smooth operation. Use a high-quality valve oil specifically designed for brass instruments. Apply oil regularly, especially if you play frequently.
3. Store Properly
When not in use, store your French horn in its case to protect it from dust and damage. Avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures or humidity, as this can affect the instrument’s metal and tuning.
4. Regular Maintenance Checks
Take your French horn to a professional repair technician for regular maintenance checks. They can identify any issues and perform necessary repairs to keep your instrument in top condition.
5. Handle with Care
Be mindful when handling your French horn. Avoid dropping it or banging it against hard surfaces. Use a horn stand when not playing to prevent accidental falls.
Conclusion
Choosing the right French horn is an important decision for any musician. The instrument you select can greatly impact your sound, performance, and overall enjoyment of playing. Professionals often favor double horns for their versatility, but there are many excellent options available, including single and triple horns.
Some of the top professional French horns include the Conn 8D, Holton H179, Yamaha YHR-671, Paxman 20, Schmid 200, and Alexander 103. Each of these models offers unique features that cater to different playing styles and preferences.
Once you have chosen your French horn, take care of it through regular cleaning and maintenance. With the right instrument and proper care, you can enjoy many years of making beautiful music with your French horn. Happy playing!
